Surface Orientation from a Projected Grid
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Two simple methods are given for obtaining the surface shape using a projected grid. After the camera is calibrated to the 3-D workspace, the only input date needed for the computation of surface normals are grid intersect points in a single 2-D image. The first method performs nonlinear computations based on the distortion of the lengths of the grid edges and does not require a full calibration matrix. The second method requires that a full parallel projection model of the imaging is available, which enables it to compute 3-D normals using simple linear computations. The linear method performed better overall in the experiments, but both methods produced normals within 4-8 degrees of known 3-D directions. These methods appear to be superior to methods based on shape-from-shading because the results are comparable, yet the equipment setup is simpler and the processing is not very sensitive to object reflectance.
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Index Terms:
2D images; surface orientation; computer vision; pattern recognition; projected grid; surface shape; surface normals; nonlinear computations; distortion; calibration matrix; parallel projection model; computer vision; computerised pattern recognition; matrix algebra
Citation:
N. Shrikhande, G. Stockman, "Surface Orientation from a Projected Grid," IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 650-655, June 1989, doi:10.1109/34.24799
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