In many domains, the similarity between two images depends on the spatial locations of their features. The earth mover?s distance (EMD), first proposed by Werman et al. [8], measures such similarity. It yields higher-quality image retrieval results than the Lp-norm, quadratic-form distance, and Jeffrey divergence [6], and has also been used for similarity search on contours [3], melodies [7], and graphs [2].
Citation:
Vebjorn Ljosa, Arnab Bhattacharya, Ambuj K. Singh, "LB-Index: A Multi-Resolution Index Structure for Images," icde, pp.144, 22nd International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE'06), 2006